Communication Influences On Self Image Affect...

This paper explores how my intrapersonal communication impacts on self-image affect interpersonal communication. Erik Erikson, suggests that self-concept are defined as an individual’s conceptualization of his or her self (Potter Perry, 2009, p. 300). I use interpersonal skills every day to communicate and interact with my family, friends and relative. Communication influences intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships as well as the quality of lifetime of the individuals. People may recognize someone who does unhappy and not recognize they’re unhappy. In most of the time people expect someone who is unhappy to cry a lot, and have no relationship. But person’s characteristics can’t be always apparent. We may or may not be able to recognize our strength by ourselves or else feedback. So this paper will be based on knowledge from myself and others. This paper examines Conflict management style survey (Stacey Jones, 2015) in relation to become more awar e of my self-defeating behaviours related to my avoidant personality and Erik Erikson’s belief. . Erikson believed development occurred in a series of stages throughout the lifetime, with each stage being marked by some sort of developmental â€Å"crisis† (Potter Perry, 2009, p. 300). I have always been one to hide my emotions from everyone. I grew up in a very strict family and expressing my emotions was not encouraged to say the least. I still remember being really little, like maybe 10, and being so sad. When I was 10Show MoreRelatedEffect Of Gender And Gender Representation On Media1735 Words   |  7 Pagesgender and gender representation in media has been widely researched in various academic disciplines, including anthropology and communication studies. Similar gender role expectations are not just restricted to Western culture either. 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It will also guide you through difficult times if either of you fa ces a conflict. Communication is a vital part of havingRead MoreSelf Concept Through Interpersonal Communication Essay1340 Words   |  6 PagesI chose the topic of self-concept through interpersonal communication because I had an interest in it. This interest is because I didnt understand that ones self-concept affected the way one is perceived by others. I learned self-concept through class discussions, but I wanted a better understanding of how communication affects ones self-concept and how it affects ones perception Ones self-concept affects ones perception, attitude and behavior, which can be demonstrated during theRead MoreThe Theory Of Nursing Theory1463 Words   |  6 PagesEmergency Nursing. Nursing leaders who strived to explain connections and interactions inside nursing practice develop nursing theory. These models provide the foundation of professional nursing practice, spawn additional knowledge and influence the course of nursing’s future. They furnish information pertaining to: definitions of nursing, nursing practice, principles that form the foundation for practice, and goals and functions of nursing care (Cardinal Stritch University, 2014). NotRead MoreSelf Concept Through Interpersonal Communication Essay1274 Words   |  6 Pages I chose the topic of self-concept through interpersonal communication because I had an interest in it. This interest is because I didn’t understand that one’s self-concept affected the way one is perceived by others. I learned self-concept through class discussions, but I wanted a better understanding of how communication affects one’s self-concept and how it affects one’s perception Ones self-concept affects ones perception, attitude and behavior, which can be demonstrated during the processRead MoreHow to Become a Professional Nurse Essay946 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessional nurse, a nurse must self-regulation with knowledge to practice standards and code of ethics. One of the first stepping stone is reflecting in journal of experiential learning. â€Å"Knowledge of yourself is gained from reflecting on your experience† (Cooper, 2001, p.22). In the course Development of self as nurse I have learned how to be a professional nurse practicing the standards and code of ethics in a working environment. Also how the tools of communication is affective towards patientsRead MoreBiography Of Dr. Imogene M. King Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesAttainment. King’s theory of was first introduced in the late 1960s. 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Sustainability Analysis The Rain Forrest Alliance And...

Justin Murray-Frank NTRES 1011 Group 2 Sustainable Confusion Governments, environmental agencies, and corporations alike have utilized the term â€Å"sustainability† in order to convey their respective agendas for general sustainability in environmental, social, and economic realms. In spite of their initiatives, there has yet to be a generally agreed upon, uniform definition for â€Å"sustainability.† This lack of semantic clarity has promoted skepticism among some parties, skepticism primarily focused in the legitimacy of sustainability agendas, as well as the idea of sustainability in itself (Context Development, 1992). This essay seeks to inspect the concepts of sustainability generated by two†¦show more content†¦The RFA (Rain Forest Alliance will be denoted as â€Å"RFA† from this point on) explicitly expresses its efforts to uphold the sustainability pillar of environment with its stated efforts to â€Å"conserve biodiversity† and â€Å"transforming land-use practices.† Additionally, RFA conv eys implicit undertones of an allegiance to the social pillar of sustainability with its mention of working to â€Å"ensure sustainable livelihoods.† Lastly, the organization touches upon the economic pillar of sustainability with a conveyance of its work to transform â€Å"business practices and consumer behavior.† Thus, evidently, RFA’s idea of sustainability is in great alignment with the three pillars of sustainability – the prominent framework for sustainability. As an eco-certifying organization, is not surprising that RFA has an unambiguous, holistic, but thorough idea of sustainability. It must set lofty ideals for corporations and companies to strive towards, in order for said organizations to receive RFA’s eco- certification. RFA’s ideals and assumptions about sustainability seem to be rooted in its notion that â€Å"the health of the land is inextricably connected to the well-being of those who depend on it for their livelihoodsà ¢â‚¬  (â€Å"About Us | Rainforest Alliance,† n.d.). The sustainability of the environment, the vitality of the economy, and the maintenance of a prosperous and satisfied society are valid expansions of RFA’s aforementioned notion, and they most certainly resonate

Ageism in king Lear free essay sample

Gloucester observes disastrous events occurring in the play, most notably the ones occurring in the kingdom. He notes that love can never last, friendships eventually break up, and brothers become enemies which eventually leads to chaotic behavior. Ultimately, these malicious acts break out into devastating events such as civil wars, the bond breaking between father and son, and lastly the betrayal of King Lear and his noble power. In addition to all of these spiteful acts, it is evident that ageism is also portrayed in the play about the King himself, especially at the end of scene one. The first sign of how ageism begins in the first act is King Lear’s debatable decision to divide up the kingdom between his three daughters, Goneril, Regan and Cordelia. Eventually, Lear’s unwise decision causes chaos and havoc throughout the family, leading to multiple conflicts such as the banishment of Cordelia and the insulting comments about Lear’s old age and judgement. We will write a custom essay sample on Ageism in king Lear or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One example of how ageism is portrayed in the conversation between Goneril and Regan is when they discuss King Lear’s poor judgement. While Regan and Goneril discuss what they should do about their foolish old father, Goneril says, â€Å"You see how full of changes his age is. The observation we have made of it hath not been little. He always loved our sister most, and with what poor judgment he hath now cast her off appears too grossly† (1. 1. 290-93). This quote demonstrates that with age, Lear’s judgement is questionable because he is acting in a very thoughtless way by doing things like disowning his favourite daughter, Cordelia. Goneril and Regan continue to speak about their father’s age, when Regan says, â€Å"’Tis the infirmity of his age; yet he hath ever but slenderly known himself† (1. 1. 294-95). Regan is stating how her father was not the most rational and stable person to begin with, and with age, his condition is becoming worse. Also, Regan states that her father is becoming â€Å"crazy† and it is the only explanation for why he would banish his favorite daughter and best friend, Kent. In addition to their conversation, Goneril defines her father’s behavior as uncontrollable and says: The best and soundest of his time hath been but Rash; then must we look from his age to receive, not Alone the imperfections of long-engraffed condition, But therewithal the unruly waywardness that infirm and Choleric years bring with them. (1. 1. 296-300) Goneril is saying that her father was a hotheaded even in the prime of his life. With the addition of age, they can also expect to deal with the old habits, along with new characteristics such as the uncontrollable tempers. That being said, Regan also adds, â€Å"Such unconstant starts are we like to have from him as this of Kent’s banishment. † (1. 1. 301-02). Regan is stating that as Lear continues to age, they will need worry about what he might do next and will need come up with some kind of plan for dealing with him, since it seems that Lear will only continue to act like a child as he continues to age. With the conclusion of act 1, it seems that as Lear continues to age, his judgement and decision making is becoming worse. Lear’s irrational actions will not only affect him, but it will also effect Goneril and Regan later in the play. With all that being said, it is quite evident that Lear lacks judgement, lacks common sense and acts in a childish manor in the very first act.

Obstruction of a Fire Protection System Essays - Firefighting

Obstruction of a Fire Protection System Student Name Instructor MOS 5301 Fire Protection Technology Columbia Southern University The fire sprinkler system in a large indoor self-storage facility is designed to ensure full and adequate protection by overlapping the radius of the sprinkler heads. This radii coverage is meant to ensure that the water reaches out to all the corners of the store and provides the ready fire response. The effectiveness of the overlapping radii coverage can be limited by the arrangement of the materials which may be stacked too high that the sprinklers fail to operate effectively. This would prevent the sprinkler heads from covering the effective range that would help them reach to the combustible hazards. The Occupational Safety and Health Association and the National Fire Prevention Association Standards require that the stacking is not done so high to block the effectiveness of the sprinkler heads. According to NFPA and OSHA, storage materials must not get closer than the 18 inch distance near the plane or close to the horizontal levels of the sprinkler (Klaus, 2014). Only the shelf-stored materials along the room's perimeter wall are allowed to go beyond the 18 inch clearance but should not come close to the sprinkler deflector. The standards also require that during the repainting of the pipes or the ceilings, the sprinkler out to be covered to prevent paint from blocking its nozzles. The maker of the sprinkler is the only party allowed to repaint it. The owner of the store is required to carry out a regular inspection of the sprinkler to ensure that it is effectively functioning and to report any malfunctions to the relevant persons. There ought to be no items hanging on the sprinklers, guards of the pipes at any time. Reference Klaus, M. J. (2014) NFPA 25 Water-Based Fire Protection Systems Handbook, 4th Edition. Quincy

Lawsuit of Mattel Inc. Products Liability

Lawsuit of Mattel Inc. Products Liability Description of the Company and the Product Safety Issue That Led To the Lawsuit Business organizations may fall prey to diverse lawsuits. In such instances, the fate of the company depends on its capacity to handle the lawsuit. This paper analyzes the legal issues around the renowned Mattel Inc. The foundation of the company dates back to 1945 (McDougall Popat, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Lawsuit of Mattel Inc. Products Liability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The products history of the company depicts remarkable evolution. For instance, it is notable that the company began by operating on the wood products. Some of the prominent wood and creative musical toys during the 1950’s were from this company. The development of the â€Å"barbie† toy in the late 1950 enabled the company to establish a powerful brand. Observably, this was evident within the household level. The company por trayed an eminent application of strategic advertisement and product promotion initiatives. These led to the development of high level of product awareness. The use of the media in the promotion initiatives became notable. Presently, the company enjoys a relatively wide range of products. Indicatively, these are specifically toys. The company remains publicly traded, with an evident trading of the stock within the â€Å"New York Stock Exchange,† NYSE (Twomey, Jennings, Fox Anderson, 2011). The headquarters of Mattel Inc. is at the Hawthorne, California. Notably, the company enjoys a wider market reach. It is evident that the company has a remarkable global market presence. Mattel Inc. recently faced a powerful lawsuit. This severe lawsuit emanated from the discovery of unhealthy quantities of the dangerous lead paint. These were discovered in the products of Mattel Inc. These include the products that already occupied store shelves (McDougall Popat, 2010). The important dis covery took place in the period between 2006 and 20007. The high level of lead in these products posed great health dangers to the user groups. Particularly, this relates to the children who heavily rely on the use of toy products. The Legal Theories Used By the Plaintiff to Recover In This Lawsuit The important discovery had potential legal impacts on the operations and product image of Mattel Inc. The â€Å"Consumer Product Safety Commission† (CPSC) engaged in serious legal tussle with the company. As indicated by the CPSC, approximately 100 different items became important. Consequently, all of them became involved in the process of this lawsuit. Indicatively, these selected items had important representations.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In fact, it is evident that they represented many millions of the individual pieces. The legal process en abled Mattel to provide a massive recall of most of its products. These recall processes embodied some of the very popular brands. The U.S CPSC managed to fine the company, Mattel Inc., approximately $2.3 million (Twomey, Jennings, Fox Anderson, 2011). The fine emanated from a clear legal basis. Generally, the charge was because Mattel’s deviant practices. It is because Mattel engaged in importation of toys that undermined federal regulations that ban the presence of lead paint within specific consumer products. Notable resolutions emerged from this important lawsuit. For instance, Mattel Inc. had to a significant fine to the tune of $2.3 million. These were definitely due to the violations on the quantities of lead in these toys. Another resolution was to make the company to recall a significant percentage of its goods ready in the market. In pressing for these critical charges, the CPSC emphasized and reiterated the importance of the violation of the renowned 1978 statute. Accordingly, the 1978 federal regulations prohibited the all toys from harboring an exceeding composition of.06 percent lead. The revealing experiments indicated the massive presence of the in the paint or surface coatings. There are many forms of malignant cancer associated to constant exposure to carcinogenic material. Lead is one of the most stable heavy metals. Organizations must also trade on sustainable systems and products. It is not ethically correct for renowned corporations to spread goods that might have destructive side effects. This is because the organizations are bound to make significant profits from such important sales. Lastly, the heavy metals such as lead found within the toys materials have diverse environmental degradation impacts. By initiating or launching a product, the organization must respect the pertinent customer welfare and protection.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Lawsuit of Mattel Inc. Products Liability specific ally for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More My other reason for agreeing with this initiative is that the corporation debased the â€Å"Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act by importing† (McDougall Popat, 2010). These include some of the important highlights on the significance of consideration of high product quality and increased care provision of customer care. Changes in the Company to Ensure Greater Safety of This Product or Its Products Mattel Inc. presently employs diverse robust strategies towards observation of high quality of products. Various top officials of the corporation appear in the media emphasizing on the company’s focus on â€Å"rigorous standards† (Twomey, Jennings, Fox Anderson, 2011). The company practices management systems. In this process, it enhances the level of performance of various quality assurance and control units. These increase the level of awareness and compliance to safety standards by all workers . Other than these, production processes rely on quality and monitoring systems. These have positive implications on the level of performance and output within various departments. The company recognizes the need for persistent customer engagement. Particularly, these relate to the level of safety of the various products (McDougall Popat, 2010). The customers must provide adequate feedback on their perceptions and convictions on the level of quality performance and safety of the various company products. These are vital in the engagement or improvement initiatives and processes within the organization. The company also increasingly relies on critical control standards from external regulatory agencies. There is an increased need to comply with external policies and guidelines within the regulatory environment. The initiation of the extensive recalls was critical. This relates to the products that proved to contain toxic lead material. The fundamental aim of the recall process was t o assist in the development and manufacture of safer products. The company initiated all of these processes within its potential market zones. The aim was to rebuild its broken identity. Furthermore, the company also sought to gain fresh confidence on its customers. The organization’s hazard analysis is vital (McDougall Popat, 2010). This is because the adopted approach enables a system that encourages product safety.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from this, it also enhances the level of product conformity to legal and market standards. The evaluation and monitoring of product safety and manufacturing procedures are critical. These are some of the critical processes adopted by the organization to increase the level of the quality of some of its major products within the marketplace. Discussion of the Regulatory Agency That Oversees the Particular Industry the Company Is In The United States CPSC has the fundamental role of safeguarding the public from unwarranted risks. These may include the potential risks of harm and death that may emanate from diverse consumer products. However, this applies specifically to goods that fall under the authority of this organization. The agency has a sincere dedication to guard all consumers from potentially harmful products. Toys include some of the products that the CPSC has close interests (Ferrell, Fraedrich Ferrell, 2011). The regulatory agency uses various mechanisms in the ident ification and initiation of awareness about specific product dangers. The use of legal process is one of the most critical approaches applicable by the CPSC. This is mostly achievable through the engagement and active collaboration with the legal system within the U.S. The agency maintains a list of the recalled toys from the general American society. It is upon the parents to review the updated list regularly. This process helps in the elimination of harmful or dangerous toys. Recommendations to the Company about Avoiding Future Lawsuits Stringent observation of quality standards is important in the elimination of lawsuits in the future. The company also needs to consider both the internal and external regulatory environments. Quality control is a strategic management tool that is applicable in the elimination of low quality products. Apart from these, the organization must consider engaging the services of qualified and experienced personnel. Lastly, Mattel Inc. must also consider the integration of continuous process evaluation systems. Such initiatives help to minimize manufacturing errors that may compromise product quality. References Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J. Ferrell, L. (2011). Business ethics: Ethical decision making and cases. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. McDougall, A. Popat, P. (2010). International product law manual. Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International. Twomey, D. P., Jennings, M., Fox, I. Anderson, R. A. (2011). Andersons business law and the legal environment. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Compound Words in Technological Contexts

Compound Words in Technological Contexts Compound Words in Technological Contexts Compound Words in Technological Contexts By Mark Nichol â€Å"Cell phone,† or cellphone? â€Å"Home page,† or homepage? â€Å"Touch screen,† or touchscreen? Should such compounds be open, or closed? We see them both ways, so it’s difficult to know how to treat them unless you use one simple test: Choose the form based on the context. The natural progression for styling compound words is open to closed, often (but not always) with a hyphenated form as an interim phase. No ruling body authorizes the transformation, and no pattern or logic regarding the time frame applies from one compound to another. Some compounds stubbornly resist closing (â€Å"real estate†) or cling to their hyphens (mind-set), but closure is almost invariably inevitable. Thus, for example, â€Å"sea water† at some arbitrary point transformed into seawater, with a transitional period in which both forms were commonly used, followed by preponderant use of the new form (though the old form nearly always persists to some extent). Technological terms are a special case, for various reasons, including that they are coined by technologically minded people, who are not necessarily concerned about adherence to grammatical norms, and that, in the case of programming vocabulary, the practical issue of having a single string of characters to enter into a program is integral. Therefore, compounds referring to technological devices and procedures are likely to begin life as closed compounds or to be adopted in technological contexts in closed form. And that’s the key to knowing how to treat them: In general-purpose publications, you’ll likely see â€Å"file name† and â€Å"screen saver† and â€Å"voice mail,† whereas in high-tech periodicals and on high-tech websites, you’ll probably find filename and screensaver and voicemail. (There are exceptions of course; note that on this site, I have reluctantly adopted website in place of â€Å"Web site,† and I have always preferred email to e-mail.) Consider your audience, and style technological terms as appropriate. And when in doubt, depending on the context in which you are writing or editing, consult mainstream or specialized publications for models. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund PhrasesPeace of Mind and A Piece of One's Mind45 Idioms with "Roll"

Microbiology-Leishmaniasis Disease Control Plan Essay

Microbiology-Leishmaniasis Disease Control Plan - Essay Example icated as the most common form that causes a sore at the bite site and even leaves a permanent scar, Diffuse cutaneous Leishmaniasis which resembles leprosy and is difficult to treat which starts like cancer of the skin leading to damage of tissue especially on the nose and mouth (Elliott, 2011). Although the approach to controlling the causal agent of this disease depends on the behavior of the target vector, some of its transmissions which are associated with activities in the forests can be reduced by ensuring that no dwellings are close to the forests. The Governments of the United States and Spain have done a lot in the vector control particularly by spraying insecticides on tree trunks resting sites. This has highly achieved in providing short term protection to the residents around forested regions. In addition, clearing of forests around homesteads combined with insecticide application in the cleared regions, has led in reduction of sand flies and the yearly reported number of people who are infected with the disease. Likewise, repellents can be useful under certain circumstances such as when people are going into the forests for occupational or recreational purposes. In such cases the use of insecticide treated nets and spraying the forests is advised since it reduc es the rate of transmission. Another major measure towards controlling the disease done is clearing trees and bushes over a radius of at least one kilometer around houses (Elliott, 2011). One of the main methods that I propose in order to control sand flies with insecticides is indoor residual spraying which should be used in areas which have a very active rate of transmission. This requires good knowledge of the epidemiology of Leishmaniasis and the local vector behavioral characteristics and the ecology. The effectiveness of these largely depends on other factors such as the method of application and overall coverage, the quality of the insecticide used and the type of surface sprayed or

Analysis of monthly cash budget of Cyrus Brown Manufacturing Company Essay

Analysis of monthly cash budget of Cyrus Brown Manufacturing Company - Essay Example We will note from the income statement the net cash inflows from operations during the year after deducting the direct manufacturing costs and indirect expenses. As shown from the FS, the sales forecast for March and April are not sufficient to produce profit for the said months as expenses exceed projected sales. For the month of May, profit will be realized as projected sales have been increased. A substantial loss is seen for the month of June. A brief analysis of the data reveals that the loss is because of an investment made for plant structure and payment of taxes. The biggest sales forecast comes in September; however, it is also coupled with corresponding increase of expenses that includes second installment of payment of taxes; total expenses are 90% of sales. Accordingly, expected profit is reduced. There is a 42% drop in sales in October which is quite significant as it will also considerably affect the projected profit of the company and will reduce the cash receipts for the month. There is no explanation why the forecast of sales has gone down in October and November. TheTaxes have been deducted from the computations so the earnings that are shown in the balance are NET, that is no tax and interest have to be deducted. The net earnings are funds available for other uses like payment of debts or for other investments (Investorwords, n.d.) A projected monthly cash flow statement for March to November is presented for CBM to show the incoming and outgoing cash in the operations of the business. (See Annex 1). A cash flow has been defined as an accounting process that shows the difference of amount of cash in the beginning (opening balance) and the amount at the end of the period (closing balance) (Business Dictionary.com., n.d.). Management of cash flows is an important part of the business operations because most often it becomes the source of failure for most businesses. Thus, FindLaw (n.d) contends that when the owner of the business understands th e concept of cash management, he is prepared in the unforeseen eventualities in the business because he has a plan. Cash flows may become positive or negative during operations. When it is positive, business is shown to be in a healthy condition, while negative cash outflow shows internal problems in the operations. For CBM, its cash position shows negative cash outflow in the first two months of operations because of poor collection in March and slow growth of sales in March up to April. Cash flows will show the sources of funds used in the operations and how and where the funds are used. For sources of funds CBM provided an opening balance of $50,000 and collections from monthly sales. For March, only 75% of projected sales are expected to be collected. From April to November, 100 percent collection is expected to be collected. Because expenses are more than the funds collected from March to June there is a shortage of funds for this period. Due to this, CBM needs to get outside s ources of funds to finance its operations for March, April and June. There is a large cash outflow in June because of a capital investment and payment of taxes in June, after which cash flow becomes positive and profit accrue to the business. The cash on hand provided by CBM is $50,000.00 and it will need additional funds to support its operations. Approximately CBM needs a minimum credit line of $24,500 to draw for its monthly shortage of funds. It is assumed that CBM had provided capital for operations and there is no need to borrow additional funds. Conclusion. A cash flow projection

Electrochemical Cell Essay Example for Free

Electrochemical Cell Essay Introduction To investigate the effect of change in temperature of the solutions on the voltage of an electrochemical cell. How does increase in temperature of the electrolytes in en electrochemical cell affect the voltage? An electrochemical cell produces electrical energy from chemical energy, where the chemical energy comes from the reactions in the cell. An electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells. Each half-cell consists of an electrode, and an electrolyte (salt solution). A salt bridge is used that connects the two solutions in the containers to allow flow of ions so there is no charge build up in either solution. Charge build-up would shift the equilibrium and the reaction would cease. When the two half cells, consisting of a metal electrode and a conducting solution are connected with an external wire, the strongest oxidizing agent will undergo a reduction in one half cell and the strongest reducing agent will undergo an oxidation in the other half cell. An electrochemical cell makes use of a redox reaction and uses the chemical reaction to produce an electric current. The two metals that will be used in this experiment are Copper and Zinc, and their salts are used in an aqueous form in the container, being CuSO4 and ZnSO4. A salt bridge that is dipped in KNO3 will be used. The following reaction takes place in each half cell: Cu (s) Cu2+ (aq) + 2e- Zn (s) Zn2- (aq) + 2e- Independent Variable: Temperature of the electrolytes (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C) Dependant Variable: Voltage (V) Controlled Variables: Nature of electrodes: The electrodes will be of the same elements i.e. Copper and Zinc. Changing the nature of the electrodes will change the voltage since different elements produce different forms of ions which then affects the voltage of the cell. Size of electrodes: The size of electrodes will be kept constant to 6cm x 1cm. Increasing the size of electrodes means that the electrodes will react produce more ions hence increasing the voltage of the cell. Nature of ion transfer: A salt bridge (dipped in KNO3) will be used as a pathway for the ion transfer between the two half cells. Changing the nature of ion transfer will change the amount of ions are transferred between the half cells hence affecting the voltage. The concentration of the electrolytes: is kept constant. A constant amount of metal salt will be added to make each electrolyte. Having a varying concentration will affect the amount of ions produced hence varying the voltage accordingly. Voltmeter: The voltmeter is kept constant since changing the voltmeter can affect the voltage since different voltmeters may have different resistance which may affect the readings. Materials required * Copper strip, 6cm x 1cm * Zinc strip, 6cm x 1cm * CuSO4 solution, 0.99M à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01M * ZnSO4 solution, 0.99M à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01M * KNO3 solution, 1.99M à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01M * Distilled water, 300mL à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 1mL * Beakers (3), 250mL à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 50mL * Graduated cylinder (100mL à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 1mL) * Digital Voltmeter with crocodile wires * Hot plate * Thermometers (2), à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C * Paper strips, 10cm x 1cm * Magnetic stirrer * Rubber gloves * Apron * Safety Goggles Method Method to prepare solutions 1. Concentration required (CuSO4): 0.99M AMU of CuSO4: 159.61 So, 1.00M of CuSO4 has 159.61g of CuSO4 Hence 0.99M has: 159.61 x 0.99 = 158.01g à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01g Mix 158.01g à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01g of CuSO4 in 100mL of distilled water. Use a magnetic stirrer if necessary == Use 100mL à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 1mL of 0.99M à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01M of CuSO4 solution. 2. Concentration required (ZnSO4): 0.99M AMU of ZnSO4: 161.44 So, 1.00M of CuSO4 has 161.44g of ZnSO4 Hence 0.99M has: 161.44 x 0.99 = 159.83g à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01g Mix 159.83g à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01g of ZnSO4 in 100mL of distilled water. Use a magnetic stirrer if necessary == Use 100mL à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 1mL of 0.99M à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01M of ZnSO4 solution. 3. Concentration required (KNO3): 1.99M AMU of CuSO4: 101.11 So, 1.0M of CuSO4 has 101.11g of KNO3 Hence 1.99M has: 101.11 x 1.99 = 201.21g à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01g Mix 201.21g à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01g of KNO3 in 100mL of distilled water. Use a magnetic stirrer if necessary == Use 30mL à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 1mL of 1.99M à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01M of KNO3 solution. 4. Now put the paper strip (salt bridge) in the KNO3 solution and leave it for 30 seconds. Method for investigation 1. Before starting the experiments, all the materials should be acquired with all safety precautions 2. Put the two beakers that have electrolytes on the hot plate. 3. Now put the salt bridge between the beakers. Also, put the two thermometers in each container 4. Connect the crocodile wires from the voltmeter to each electrode, but dont put it in the half cells yet. 5. Now turn on the hot plate and let the temperature increase from room temperature to 30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C 6. As soon as the temperature increases to 30à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C, quickly insert the electrodes in the respective solutions (Cu in CuSO4 and Zn in ZnSO4) and record the voltage 7. Remove the electrodes and clean and dry them. 8. Now increase the temperature by a difference of 10à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C i.e. 40à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C, 50à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C, 60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C, 70à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C, 80à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C and 90à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C and repeat steps 5-7. 9. After the experiment has been completed, put the cleaned materials back to their original place. Raw Data Table Volume of each electrolyte (mL à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 1mL) Length of salt bridge (cm à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01 cm) Length of each electrode (cm à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0.01 cm)

Lord Of The Flies :: essays research papers

Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a novel that represents society and it’s components in a tale about a children stranded on an island. Of the group there are two who want to lead the boys for the duration of their stay, one of which is Jack Merridew. Although he doesn’t have any power at the beginning of the novel, he took every chance he had to try to take the position of chief which he eventually got. He ruled with an iron fist, allowing no one to question him or his leadership. Jack represented the wanting for a single, all powerful leader to guide the followers of society using any means he feels necessary. Golding grew up during a time when he was taught to believe that man was good at heart. Books like Tarzan, and Coral island showed him that it was indeed society that was evil and that man was good at heart. These views were demonstrated in some of his earlier writing, but that changed after his experiences in the war. After Golding returned from WWII, he had a different view on man. He saw a lot of action and destruction during his time with the navy, and this influenced his beliefs on man quite drastically. The mass destruction and killing pushed him to think that man can be evil, selfish and power hungry. Jack spawned out of these beliefs. Jack was a very power hungry young boy. He liked to be in command of things and when he wasn’t, he tried to put himself into that position. This desire for power was shown throughout the novel, as was the fact that he loved attention that accompanied it. He loved to be the centre of attention and would do anything to boost himself above other people. To make him more evil, he was not able to conceal any of these characteristics, he had to let them loose. Upon the arrival of the boys to the island Jack was put in the middle of a power struggle. Although the conflict was brief, there was still a very obvious confrontation between Jack and Ralph. Once the boys had assembled themselves there was an election to see who was to be chief. Dispite the fact that Ralph was voted leader, the wanting to be in command never left Jack, not for a minute. He already had some leadership skills, being head choir boy at his old school, and felt that he should be leader and continuously challenged Ralph. Among several things they argued about, the most common was the debate over the fire.

Cultural Impacts Essay

â€Å"Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning â€Å"to cultivate,†) generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activity significance. Different definitions of â€Å"culture† reflect different theoretical bases for understanding, or criteria for evaluating, human activity. In general, the term culture denotes the whole product of an individual, group or society of intelligent beings. It includes technology, art, science, as well as moral systems and the characteristic behaviors and habits of the selected intelligent entities. †(Wikipedia) Any culture can be viewed as a blend of values, norms, institutions and artifacts of a civilization that has been passed on from generations through learning alone. The ideological perspective of life and the significance of things in it form the values of a society. Norms, are the expected collective behavior of the people where as the institutions are the structures within the society that transmit theses values and norms. Also, artifacts are the relics or the materialistic representation of a culture, derived from within it. Thus, cultures basically evolve and thrive on the basis of religion, historical background, environment and the social structure. Religious beliefs are typically the central themes of different cultures and more often than not the basic values are a derivative of them. For example, the 10 Commandments of Christianity or the five precepts of Buddhism are guidelines that transform the behavior of their followers. Similarly, religion occasionally is also implicated with government, as in a theocracy. The European and the New World cultures have been profoundly influenced by Christianity for at least the last 500 to 1700 years. Likewise Islam’s influence has fashioned a great deal of the North African, Middle and Far East regions for more than a 1000 years. Historical incidents also add new dimensions to any culture. For instance, most of the Commonwealth countries and the Europe celebrate a public holiday on the Boxing Day. On this day, the people organize feasts, festivals and certain sports in order to celebrate and also to share these rejoicing moments with the poor and the needy. There is no precise basis of this cultural carnival but only some theories that stem out from some historical happenings. Some believe that it was a day when people presented gifts to those who had worked throughout the year for them. Others argue that it was an annual gathering of extended families in the feudal times in which the lord of the estate handed out stipends to the serfs. Another group disputes that it was basically the day of the year when the church would distribute its donation money to the poor. Whatever may be the explanation, the Boxing Day is now an integral part of the western culture. (Wikipedia) The influence of different cultures on trade and commerce is profoundly instrumental and therefore it is not surprising that business tactics have diversely evolved in different regions of the world. In fact, the technological developments of the late 1990’s, in the arena of electronic media have added new dimensions to the concept. Consequently, the global giants of the corporate sector have been lavishly investing in examination of the cultural influences on the regional economies in order to maximize profits. â€Å"In China, for example, the foundation of Chinese respect for hierarchy and the family social collective is based upon the relational norms expounded by the Confucius and legal codes such as those developed during the Tang Dynasty. This institutionalized relational logic has shaped a society whose transactional order rests on social obligation to higher authority and to the family rather than on rules oriented to protecting the individual. Chinese capitalism is seen to be intrinsically different from the Western capitalism because of this contrast in institutional framing over a long period of time. † (Warner 2003) These and other brands of cultural values of a society are carefully considered when industries are being setup or when corporations are being established. This facilitates in determining the managerial skills required in the executive professionals who are responsible for communicating and representing their companies within the local industries. A working paper series issued from the George Washington University, discusses the U. S. /Mexican business alliances negotiations and the impact of their respective cultures on them. Mexico’s mestizo culture with its strong collectivist touch has embedded the people with the capacity to share power or authority equitably and the gift to accept and tolerate uncertainty and ambiguity in situations. However, they have also inherited the aptitude for individualism and tend to get involved in a loosely held social structure with little or no care for others. This is contrary to the culture in the United States, where people long for absolute power, are highly skeptical of ambiguous scenarios and more often than not downplay relationships. All, this along with the socio-political history of the two nations-which has been marred by discords and suspicion- is significantly determining in their mutual business alliances. (Teegen and Doh 2002) Moreover, the cultural heritage of a region characterize the production and sale of several products that otherwise do not correspond to the world wide demand. For instance, the annual Basant euphoria in the Punjabi region of the Indo-Pakistan, in which people fly kites and festivals are organized, much business is spawned. It becomes the very attraction for the tourists who converge here from all parts of the world, and the economic activity generated only in the city of Lahore has been estimated to be around PK Rupees 1. 5 to 2 billion annually. The proceeds of the events are shared by almost every one including the people belonging to the seasonal cottage industries and even the local vendors. Thus, the big corporations plunge into the scene and grab at every opportunity to escalate sales. The competitive environment forces them to inspect the cultural characteristics of the event and then to employ this knowledge in launching innovative products in the market as well as in transforming their already existing marketing techniques. (The News 2007) For a progressive business structuring in a region or country, political culture-which itself is a subsidiary of the social culture-can be of immense significance. An illustration can be vividly observed in the political history of Pakistan and the revolutionary rule of its Premier Mr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (1973-77), which was influenced by the socialism philosophy of the Soviet Union. He aggressively followed these policies and nationalized most of the Pakistan’s industries. (Wikipedia) Consequently, the foreign investors and the big multinationals lost faith in the country and capital were taken out of the country. Locally, twenty two families in Pakistan had owned most of these nationalized banks, companies and industrial units. Sadly, this resulted into a deindustrialization in Pakistan, as none of the families have ventured in to even a single industrial project since the last 28 years. (Pakistan link) â€Å"In the fall of 1991, in the midst of the NAFTA negotiations, Vitro Sociedad Anonima (Vitro), the $3 billion Mexican glass maker, had signed a tentative $800 million joint venture with Corning Inc. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Just two years later, the joint venture was dissolved. According to company officials and external analysts, cultural differences were a principal cause of the alliance’s failure. † (Teegen and Doh 2002) Investigations showed that the Mexicans believed that Corning was a bit impulsive in their decision making; the Americans felt Vitro had a very time-consuming approach. Vitro management despised the frankness of the Americans, while polite Vitro executives, sometimes gave Americans the impression that they were reluctant to admit concerns and errors. (Teegen and Doh 2002) Thus, when businesses are being setup in different regions of the world, there is a need to develop a correlation between the corporate and the social cultures. References Babar Sattar. Immorality of Basant http://www. thenews. com. pk/daily_detail. asp? id=45221 Accessed: June 9, 2007 Boxing Day – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Boxing_Day Accessed: June 9, 2007 Culture – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Culture Accessed: June 9, 2007 Hildy J. Teegen (The George Washington University) and Jonathan P. Doh (Villanova University)-April 2002. â€Å"U. S. /Mexican Business Alliance Negotiations: Impact of Culture on Authority, Trust and Performance†. White Paper (The George Washington University). Malcom Warner . Culture and Management in Asia. Routledge, 2003 Who Owns Pakistan http://www. pakistanlink. com/hussaini/09-10-99. html#top Accessed: June 9, 2007 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Zulfiqar_Ali_Bhutto Accessed: June 9, 2007

How to Live a Successful Life

How to Live a Successful Life As a Student To live a successful life as a student is to accomplish the goals that we have set to accomplish. Many students wanted to take advantage of school and to be someone. All good students work hard to the challenge to learn more and to change themselves every day. We all experience some sort of education during our lifetime, whether we succeed or fail. To live a successful life as a student there are a few guidelines we should follow. First be a responsible student.Second acquire the skill we need to succeed in our education and third to have a good study practice. These three guidelines will help to ensure a successful and happy life as a student. The first step to live a successful life as a student is to be responsible student. To be a responsible student, the student must attend class every day that helps success as a student. A student should be present physically and regularly in school. It also means being in a position to hear and see th e teacher.They need to sit closer to the teacher helps maintain concentration while the class is in session and listen to the material as it is discussed in class. Attending class also will ensure that you familiarize yourself with the knowledge you gain and that knowledge will be easily remembered when it is needed. Attend class regularly will help in learning the material and also in getting familiar with the teacher. Knowing the teacher is really important especially in preparation for the exam.It will help the student know what to prepare for the test when studying. The lecture giving by the teacher usually is a summary of the textbook. When revising for the exam, it will be a lot easier for the student to cover the material. The next step to live a successful life as a student is to have a good study practice. Having a good study practice starts by know our own good learning styles. These learning styles are important to become a successful student, because everyone has differe nt way of learning and understanding.Once we have get our own way of learning strategy then we can become successful and do the best as a student. Knowing what our good part and bad part are can also make us more effective. Successful students work really hard to achieve their goals by investing time and energy in their studies. These hard works bring self-esteem and much personal satisfaction. Towards achieving these goals, every student who wants to be successful should consider to form a study group.When students work in groups, they have the opportunity to explain concepts, discuss ideas, disagree with one another and reason through why one person’s answer is different from another. It also allows students the opportunity to see how other students work with course concepts and what strategies they use to show the meaning of the course material. Additionally, studying with other students can make learning the material more enjoyable and serve as a stress-release, especiall y before an exam.The other way to live a successful life as a student is to acquire the skill we need to succeed in school. Time management is a very essential way for student to think about. Organize our time between school, work and our social life very carefully. To be a successful student we must balance our free time to be sure to have a lot of time for our education. Being able to manage our time well gives us a competitive advantage over our friends. We get more done assigned ourselves to other more important assignments for future.

E-tailing

E-tailing Retailing e-tailingLands' EndForwardThe company selected as the subject of this project is Lands' End. The criteria were:1. Size- Lands' End is probably the largest apparel retailer on the Internet2. Reputation- The company enjoys a sterling reputation with most of its customers3. Personal knowledge- the researcher is a long time very satisfied customer of Lands' End.4. Availability of information- The Company is now owned by Sears Roebuck who acquired it in June 2002. There is no current financial information available and historic results are difficult to impossible to locate. There is a good deal of information on the company's policies and business practices. This seemed more valuable for the purposes of this project than financial information.The company is interesting as a hugely successful Internet retailer built upon a history of success in other forms of retailing. It has also succeeded in utilizing the net in highly creative ways to overcome some of the difficulties inheren t in its chosen product categories.Sears & Roebuck founder Richard W. Sears spent his...What is e-tailing"E-tailing (less frequently: etailing) is the selling of retail goods on the Internet. Short for "electronic retailing", and used in Internet discussions as early as 1995, the term seems an almost inevitable addition to e-mail, e-business, and e-commerce. E-tailing is synonymous with business-to-consumer (B2C) transaction". SearchCIO.com (2006)E-tailing began to work for some major corporations and smaller entrepreneurs as early as 1997 when Dell Computer reported multimillion dollar orders taken at its Web site. The launch of the Lands' End site in 1995 makes it one of the pioneers among e-tailing pioneers. The success of Amazon.com hastened the arrival of Barnes and Noble's e-tail site. Concerns about secure order-taking receded. 1997 was also the year in which Auto-by-Tel reported that they had sold their millionth car over the Web, and...

A Summary of Chansons de Geste

A Summary of Chansons de Geste The chansons de geste (songs of deeds) were Old French epic poems centering around heroic historical figures. Dealing primarily with events of the 8th and 9th centuries, chansons de geste focused on real individuals, but with a large infusion of legend. Those chansons that survive in manuscript form, of which there are more than 80, date to the 12th through 15th centuries. Whether they were composed then or survived in oral tradition from the 8th and 9th centuries is under dispute. The authors of only a few of the poems are known; the vast majority were written by anonymous poets. Poetic Form of the Chansons de Geste A chanson de geste was composed in lines of 10 or 12 syllables, grouped into irregular rhyming stanzas called laisses. Earlier poems had more assonance than rhyme. The length of the poems ranged from about 1,500 to 18,000 lines. Chanson de Geste Style The earliest poems are highly heroic in both theme and spirit, focusing on feuds or epic battles and on the legal and moral aspects of loyalty and allegiance. Elements of courtly love appeared after the 13th century, and ​enfances (childhood adventures) and the exploits of ancestors and descendants of the main characters were related, as well. The Charlemagne Cycle A large proportion of the chansons de geste revolves around Charlemagne. The emperor is depicted as the champion of Christendom against pagans and Muslims, and he is accompanied by his court of Twelve Noble Peers. These include Oliver, Ogier the Dane, and Roland. The most well-known chanson de geste, and possibly the most important, is the Chanson de Roland, or Song of Roland. Charlemagne legends are known as the matter of France. Other Chanson Cycles In addition to the Charlemagne Cycle, there is a group of 24 poems centering on Guillaume dOrange, a supporter of Charlemagnes son Louis, and another cycle about the wars of powerful French barons. Influence of Chansons de Geste The chansons influenced medieval literary production throughout Europe. Spanish epic poetry owed a clear debt to the chansons de geste, as is most notably demonstrated by the 12th-century epic Cantar de mio Cid (Song of my Cid). The incomplete epic Willehalm by the 13th-century German poet Wolfram von Eschenbach was based on the stories told in the chansons of Guillaume dOrange. In Italy, tales about Roland and Oliver (Orlando and Rinaldo) abounded, culminating in the Renaissance epics Orlando innamorato by Matteo Boiardo and Orlando furioso by Ludovico Ariosto. The matter of France was an essential element of French literature for centuries, influencing both prose and poetry well beyond the Middle Ages.

The Effect of Defendant SES on Decisions Made Research Paper

The Effect of Defendant SES on Decisions Made - Research Paper Example Group data was analyzed using T - test. Results did not show any significant difference (p> 0.05) deviated from the null hypothesis of equal chance at the level of significant 0.05. There is no significant difference between ratings of guilt, responsibility and length of sentences proposed by participants in the two groups. Many persons look to the court or judicial system for justice. In lands where common law legal system prevails, juries are part of the judicial process. Possibly, it is the 'single most defining feature' (Decaire, n.d.) of this kind of legal system. A jury, composed of average citizens, hears the evidence and determines guilt or innocence. Then, depending on the type of case, the judge may sentence the guilty parties. Over the last decades, however, exploratory evidence implies that the jury system has been infiltrated by prejudice. Decaire (n.d.) noted the following: In a perfect, just world, the jury system would provide a fair and elaborate procedure through which a defendant's potential guilt in the violation of criminal laws would be determined in an unbiased manner. However, empirical evidence suggests that this "fair and unbiased" procedure is failing. Baldwin and McConville (1979) found that as many as 5 percent of jury trials in England came up with disturbingly questionable convictions. And this conclusion is not limited to investigators, Kalven and Zeisal (1966) noted that judges and jurors disagreed regarding the verdicts in as many as 20 percent of cases. An ever growing body of evidence suggests that juries may be, both consciously and unconsciously, using a number of extra-evidential factors in order to come to their decisions. Several psychological studies gave evidence that "extra-evidential factors" such as race or ethnicity, halo and devil effect and socioeconomic status of the defendant can influence jury's decision processes. Race or Ethnicity The connection between race and jury decision making has raved great controversy in recent years (Sommers, 2007). Researches, however, do not have an exclusively consistent result on how defendant's race and jury's decisions are linked. Surprisingly, though, 'several studies in the past two decades reveal evidence of White juror bias against Black defendants' (Sommers & Ellsworth, 2003). For instance, statistical review of fourteen studies by Sweeney and Haney (1992 as quoted in Sommers & Ellsworth, 2003) showed that White mock jurors advocated Black defendants with longer sentences than White defendants. Halo and Devil Effect Affect heuristic, 'the subjective impressions of goodness/badness act as a heuristic - a source of fast, perceptual

Native Americans in Texas Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Native Americans in Texas - Research Paper Example It is believed that these tribes came from Asia, thus crossing borders to occupy the Northern parts of America. The main tribes which occupied this area are the Apache and the Comanche people. Other than these two tribes, Texas also held many other different communities. This paper seeks to discuss the Native American in Texas and their diverse ways of live, as well as their, characteristics. The most ancient Texan groups comprised of nomadic activity as a main culturalactivity. According Elonera’s records made on Native Americans in Texas, about ten thousand years ago, these groups comprised of few people per holding who practiced hunting activities as a source of food. These people held the Plainviewand Folsom cultures in the present New Mexico regions.2 This is according to studies made in the area. The findings reported weapon points which had knives and scrappers as well as fire places. Some of their characteristics include the art of hunting in groups by the use of weapons such as spears during hunting. These ancient spear heads and weapons were made from carved stone. The hunters used large blocks of stone or flint tomake cores, whereby they selected large pieces of blades to make their spear tips. This art of chipping stone was common amongst the Clovis and Folsom hunters. The tips made by each group are named according to the group which made them, such as Clovis points. As found in most ancient groups, the males did the hunting tasks while the women fended their young ones. The women also did other tasks such as gathering and collecting food and sometimes the minor wild animals.3 They also assisted in preparation of hide and skin for other uses as well as prepare and cook food for their families. These groups practicedthese hunting and gathering activities in well-organized schedules.However,this highly depended on the seasonal trends during the year. These groups comprised of archaens who lived and

Implementations of Customer Relations Management System by Royal Mint Essay

Implementations of Customer Relations Management System by Royal Mint - Essay Example The Royal Mint Company requires a CRM system to facilitate the management of marketing information. The company will effectively acquire customer information and process it within the CRM system’s database to make marketing decisions and plans in addition to the evaluation of the impact of the company’s marketing endeavours. In implementing a Customer Relations Management system, Royal Mint stands to gain several benefits including better quality services and increased efficiency. CRM also helps to ensure reduced operational costs, increased profitability, and decision making support. The system leads to customer intimacy and thereby ensures the retention of existing customers. However, in the use of data stored in CRM, Royal Mint has to ensure the security of such data. This is because the use of such data could lead to ethical and legal issues. Access of such data has to be restricted as well as the transfer controlled. Introduction Romano and Fjermestad (2003, p. 233 ) define Customer Relationship Management (CRM) as the process of managing the interactive relationship of a business organization or a company with its customers. CRM is usually automated and applies technology to foster communication between a company and its clients. CRM therefore uses information systems which include computer application software which facilitate communication and interaction between a company and customers who are the major stakeholders of business functions and thus determine the success of the business. The composition of a CRM system is basically made of the hardware and software elements, the people who are involves, processes, procedures and policies which govern the application of the system to realize the goals of the business (Schierholz, Kolbe and Brenner 2007, p. 830). The benefits of CRM include increased profitability, better customer relations and higher quality products. The paper discusses the elements of a CRM system, its benefits and the ethic al issues involved in the use of the CRM system with a special relation on the Royal Mint Marketing strategy. Elements of CRM System According to Mandic (2011, p. 347), information technology is the major element of a CRM system because it is through these computer systems that companies are enabled to effectively communicate with their customer. The Royal Mint which is England’s legal entity which is authorized to mint or manufacture coins and medals has invested in information technology as the most appropriate way of facilitating interaction with its customers as described by Boulton (2011, p. 48). The marketing strategies of the company apply information systems to manage its customer base and enhance communication between the company and these clients. However the company has not utilized CRM system in making marketing decisions. Information technology in making marketing decisions is used to facilitate the management of customer information for marketing reasons. In a C RM system analytical tools and computer systems are used to gather client information and use it to make marketing decisions. Therefore the Royal Mint should apply information technology to maintain a database of its customers and also facilitate the interaction with its market. The use of CRM in marketing includes displaying the company’s products on the internet which can be accessed by the clients through creation of user accounts through the company’

Negotiation occurs in business

Negotiation occurs in business 1. Executive summary The thirst for power, growth and global recognition has made countries source for wealth and power through the process of Negotiating with each other. The term Negotiation can be said to be a dialogue. Resolving disputes to reach an agreement upon course of action or to bargain for individual or collective advantage. Negotiation occurs in business, non-profit organizations, and government branches, legal proceedings, among nations and in personal situations such as marriage, divorce, parenting, and everyday life. Nigeria, the most populous country in the whole of Africa with a population of about 140million, is a multi-cultural country where large multi-ethnic groups negotiate everyday for the growth of the country. In this report you will see the pattern in which Nigeria communicates and negotiates when it comes to doing business and how its culture affects its decision making and life style. 1.1 Communication and Negotiation style in Nigeria: Personal relationship is very important to them Trust is required to conduct business Age is considered indicative of wisdom An older business person is always put in a negotiating plan Titles are always used depending on the status of that person. E.g. Chief, Mr, Mrs, Engineer etc. Companies are hierarchical Ultimate decision-making rests with the CEO Decisions are reached slowly If one is not patient with decision making you will give offence and that alone can put your business relationship at risk Getting decisions from government officials can be extremely protracted Nigerians can be tough bargainers They state their position clearly and may get into heated decisions One is expected to honour any promise made Initial agreement is generally verbal-followed by contract Nigerians expect flexibility in working out the details. This is due to the fact that they are not time conscious. It can take longer than proposed or expected to get the job done 2. Terms of reference As a reporter by name Sarah Aghorighor born in Nigeria, I was approached by an investor from china who has invested in so many companies. He would like one of his firm which deals with electronics to do business with a Nigerian importer. My client, Mr Young Chan a successful investor, who owns over 30 firms in China wants me to write a brief on how Nigerians communicates and negotiates with other countries and if culture affect their way of doing business. 3. Overview of the situation Living in Nigeria requires one with survival instinct, the ability to multi task, strong business orientation, self confidence and a fearless heart. Living in Nigeria change ones attitude towards life, work and its environment either good or bad but I think in this case it changes it for good. Nigerian life style is governed by cultural values that â€Å"make up† its society. These values govern how they live, work and interact. However, culture is not just about us but the people we live with. Ferraro (1997) shared his view on culture as everything that people have, think, and do as members of their society. His view considers material objects, values and beliefs as well as behavioural patterns of a people to be components that define culture. However, culture is not in born; it is acquired through learning and interacting with ones environment. Nigeria is situated on the gulf of Guinea in west Chad. Its neighbours are Benin, Niger, Cameroon and Chad while the lower course of the Nigeria river flows south through the western part of the country into the gulf of Guinea swamps and mangrove forest border the south coast inland are hardwood forest. The country gained its independence October 1st 1960 becoming members of commonwealth of nation and joining the United Nation. Although Nigeria has had its up and down in the past, it is still known as one of the richest country in the world. Trading on cassava, woods, fishing etc is one of Nigeria fastest way of growing economically and making wealth apart from its oil business. Nigeria has a very strong tradition which governs the land and its business. In addition, Nigeria is known for a strong tradition in literature, theatre, arts and craft and is now coming up in its music which is culturally tide to a particular style and also the film industries. Nigeria has good and natural resources, when investment is made on its land there is always a positive result, provided rules are obeyed. As a Nigerian through this research it was brought to my attention that Nigeria and China are like brothers. They share a lot in common and above all their negotiating style is the same irrespective of the fact that they are both from different parts of the world. One major factor is that both countries are cultural. 4. Analysis of the situation In my years of practise as a reporter I have come to realise that certain issues affects man and its environment. This can affect them socially, economically and even politically and when it does things changes in that country, living them in a state of confusion. Everyone negotiates one way or another known and unknown to us, this makes us live together as one. While negotiating before making / taking any decision we must consider the feasibility of the intended action or business to be embarked upon. With this in mind, we would like to examine, by way of analysis, our options in order to resolve these issues. The principle tool used for this research is PEST analysis. PEST stands for Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors of the external environment. That is, the external factors that is usually beyond the firms control that may constitute threats to the organization. Thus, PEST analysis is found suitable for this paper because it is expected to unveil issues that may arise during negotiation process and offers possible suggestion that will fast-track the process. Each of the factors considered in PEST analysis is composed of several other issues for analysis, but the ones chosen for this research are as follow: Political analysis: we considered the political and the democratic processes in Nigeria; the risk of military invasion; trade and price regularization. Economic analyses: we considered the poverty level and inflation rate. Social analysis: we considered the demographics. Technological analysis: we considered the recent technological developments; the rate and diffusion of telephone or Internet services. 4.1 Political Analysis Due to the long years of military rule which lasted for about 30 years out of 47 years of independence, the rate of development in Nigeria has remained low. This reign was classified as an economic depression, lack of vision, inadequate infrastructural development etc. I think it was just plain illiteracy from the military, but ever since the civilians took over there has been transformation throughout their journey. Since 1999 when military regime handed over to civilians, Nigeria has witness great developments in technology, economy and politically. Since then the nation aimed to sanitize the economy and polity in general such as: Bank recapitalization which reduced from 89 weak banks to 25 strong ones, making 12 of them listed among the first 1000 banks in the world. This feat has never been achieved before (Soludo 2007); also telecom has made the country be the fastest growing telecommunication JIB August 2008, Vol. 13, No. 2. In the major sector of the economy such as transporta tion, mineral resources, oil and gas, there is high hopes for foreign investments. 4.2 The Economic Analysis 4.2.1 Poverty Level Nigeria with great wealth still has economic issues. There is poverty amongst household and in the land. In 1996, the poverty rate was 46% instead of going down to 21% but sadly to say poverty sky-rocketed to 76%. The urban slums dwellers in Nigeria are about 77% while issues to be solved under the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) are located in urban settlement which is around 99%. In general, two-thirds if the household in Nigeria are poor, but there is hope for tomorrow. 4.2.2 Inflation Rate The inflation rate as at present: Due to militants destructive activities in Niger Delta region, the total federal revenue collection dropped 44% between 2008 and 2009 which brought the need to develop infrastructures. But overall, the economys output continues to improve as GDP rose 6.73% compared to 5.56% during the corresponding period of the previous year. Through these contributions the GDP got significant growth: agriculture, wholesale and retail trade but from the oil sector there was a decline in growth to about 4.5%. Nigeria at this point seems risky but the outlook for this country prospects for investments remain positive. 4.3 Social Analysis Nigeria is a very large country filled with lots of social activities. Yes indeed the country is over populated but it does have its wonderful side. This social analysis will be based on Lagos which is the principal port of Nigeria. The largest market in cloths, vegetables, meat and poultry, enamel and earth ware, herbs, fancy goods and fruits are located within its surroundings. Its got lots of site seeing, places to go, people to see and activities round it. Most of the people are traders and they make their living from the commerce of the city by trading, importing and exporting, shop keepers, drivers, watchmen, clerks or craftsmen etc. There is always something to be done and ways to make money. 4.3.1 Demographic Nigerians life expectancy was estimated to have increased from 40 to 51 years. Much of this is due to the decline in mortality among infants younger than one year and children ages one to four. At 1990, maternity deaths excluding deaths resulting from illegal abortions exceeded 75,000 per year. Regardless of the countries decline in fertility in the 1990s, the countrys population was expected to double by next century. Less than Nigerians 1990 population was less than fifteen thus the country expects to deal with a population of more than 200 million probably within the next twenty-five years. 4.4 Technological Analysis This is based on infrastructure, use of telephone and the level of internet usage in Nigeria. Nigeria has witnessed a commendable growth in telephone service from 2001 till date, moving from a density of 0.73 to above 37.05. Nigeria is currently rated the fastest growing telecoms industry in African (Nigeria2Day, 2007). 4.5 Environmental Factors Nigerian soil is rich in minerals which help grow crops. Despite the pollution on the environment such as oil spillage, over population and neglect of government on the land, it is still a rich place to do business. Due to the over population of the country there is cheap labour which will help facilitate the business. 4.6 Legal Factors 5. Solutions and recommendations I would suggest that before negotiating you should look closely into Nigerians way of negotiating and top companies that deals in such business and has good reputation. These people should be your target market people. With an increase in unemployment currently at its highest, labour cost is low. Larger number of unemployed skilled workers can be employed to work. If possible employ both Chinese and Nigerian citizens. Understanding cultural diffusion. This concept identifies that most innovations introduced into a culture are as a result of borrowing from other culture. Therefore, appreciating other peoples culture is imperative. Actual negotiation should be decided on its handling methods. E.g. the extents at which you adjust your style to their culture and still remain credible. Typical behaviour of patterns, attitudes, values of your negotiator should be understood. Invest in research. Employ effective use of the internet by creating a website that will facilitate purchase and delivery during both importing and exporting of goods. A good communication skill is needed. Multiple offers should be made simultaneously. 6. Forecast and outcome There will be some form of cultural differences during and after negotiation, but so long as deadlines are met and both parties work hand in hand the business will flow. Due to government and immigration rules there might be some difficulties during importation and exportation of goods. With good research and also foreigners at both ends there shouldnt be too much trouble. There should be Constant communication back to Directors to know the situation of things. 7.References Soludo C. (2007): Strategic Agenda for the Naira, accessed date, Aug. 17, 2007. Lothar Katz. (March 2008): The Negotiators Reference Guide to 50 Countries around the World http://www.onlinenigeria.com Nigeria2Day (2007): Nigeria celebrates Six Years of GSM Mobile Phones, accessed date, Sept. 3rd, 2007. Kimmel, Paul. Cultural Perspectives on International Negotiations, Journal of Social Issues, 50, (1), 1994, PP. 179-196 and Weldon, Elizabeth and Karen A. Jehn. Examining Cross-Cultural Differences in Conflict Management Behaviour: A Strategy for Future Research. The International Journal of Conflict Management 1995, 6, (4) October, pp. 387-403. Guirdham M, 2002, Interactive Behaviour at Work (3rd Edition), Essex, Pearson Education Ltd. ISBN 0-273-65590-6

The Bachelor: Expectations For Love Essay -- reality TV, culture

What does the show, "The Bachelor", say about our expectations for love in our culture? The search for love is a dilemma most people are faced with at some point. Many different reality shows have been released over the years focusing on relationships. However the television show, The Bachelor, takes reality T.V. dating to the next level. Different from most dating reality T.V. shows, the participants on The Bachelor are looking for much more than just a relationship; the end goal is a proposal. The show revolves around a single bachelor who is essentially dating an entire group of woman, typically starting the first episode with around 25. As the show advances the bachelor eliminates women by not offering them a rose during the ceremony. All of the women that do receive a rose are invited to stay another week at the house while continuing to go on dates with the same man. Early in the season, the bachelor goes on large group dates with all of women at once but as the season progresses; the remaining women are also invited on one-on-one dates. The problem with this sh ow is that it depicts love in an illogical way. Because she is the last woman, the bachelor’s logic dictates that she must be the right woman for him. The women and the bachelor of the show are whisked away to romantic and tropical areas to live while dating each other. Aside from the fact that the man these women are dating also is dating 24 other women, the participants in this show are completely removed from actual reality. There is no strain or issues that they have to work through like the real world with honest relationships. In this paper I will explain the issues with The Bachelor and what affects it has on our culture. My research question is: What does... ... together. Just because a person feels passionate love does not mean it leads to companionate love. The Bachelor leads our culture to believe that simply by longing to be with someone means you are in love. If our culture continues to attempt to keep up with the definition of love according to The Bachelor then real love, companionate love, might fade out all together. Works Cited Mickel, E., & Hall, C. (2008). Choosing to Love: The Essentials of Loving (Presents and Problems). International journal of reality therapy, 27(2), 30-34. Kito, M. (2005). Self-Disclosure In Romantic Relationships And Friendships Among American And Japanese College Students. The Journal of Social Psychology, 145(2), 127-140. Sassler, S, F Addo, and D Lichter. "The Tempo of Sexual Activity and Later Relationship Quality." Journal of Marriage & Family 74.4 (2012): 708-725.

Coketown described by Charles Dickens †Criticism Essay

This passage has come across a monotonous and dull town surrounded by industrialization. There is no colour, no aesthetic beauty but just buildings and factories that are an eyesore to the whole town. This town was once a nice place and it was a town of ‘red brick’ but because of all the smoke, dust and dirt it has now all changed to black brick. There is no life left in the inhabitants of the town. They are just servers to the town and they aren’t even considered the characters of the passage. They are dehumanized and instead the buildings are the characters that take over. The buildings seem to literally take over the human qualities and are given priority and superiority to the people. There is no change or difference between one building and another. ‘The Jail might have been the infirmary; the infirmary might have been the jail’. There is a sense of sameness and uniformity. Other people get life out of what Coketown sacrifices. The people of this town are stuck with this lifestyle forever as there doesn’t seem to be any way out if it. The town is literally doomed. There is the image of ‘serpents’ which give off the evil part to this town. It is almost as if the people are under the influence of this evil task master from which the inhabitants can never hope to escape. There is also the image of ‘water’ which is usually the symbol of life and purity but in this case the water has become a victim of this so called progress. This lifeless town is basically sustained by what it makes and produces. These people are sacrificing their lives and their town in order to survive. The only thing that seems to be done in this town is work and more work; there are no natural sights or pleasure in its perspective. Everything is made just for purpose and function. Even the chapel built which is supposed to be an inspiring building and h ave meaning to people is described as a ‘warehouse’. There is a feeling of entrapment in this town such as the ‘bird cage’ image used. These people have no knowledge of life out of this town. They are mechanical soldiers who feel enslaved to working for this town and feel like it is their only purpose to life. The people are alienated from each other as they don’t even seem to try and change this strict and totalitarian system. There is nothing more than facts and nothing seems important besides facts. It is a perverted world where people have lost their humanity and inanimate objects get a life of their own. This town seems to be what controls the people and unfortunately the people all seem to be too intimated by the system that they won’t even consider speaking up about the corrupt lifestyle they all live each day. There is a major devoid of natural life and the people are helpless to the situation.

Exam stress

Exam stress managements Notes for slide one Excessive worry about upcoming exams, fear of being evaluated, and apprehension about the consequences are some of the factors that cause anxiety and exam stress. Exams are pretty much always stressful but it's completely possible to manage some of the stress that's brought on by exams if you manage your time properly and meet all the information needs without burning yourself out. Certain techniques that you may use for exam stress management are : Notes for slide two â€Å"improving learning skills† Use review cardsAlways keep some review cards with you to read over when you are waiting for something else to happen. This could include when you are traveling or waiting in line at the bus stop, bank, supermarket, cafeteria and so on. You could also place review cards in common locations which you pass frequently in your house, such as on the fridge door, bathroom mirror, etc. Frequent repetition and review is one of the keys to remem bering information easily and effectively. Activity for students during the workshop: ask them to prepare revision notes in form of review cards on one of their topics.Slide three: Create a road map for studying Make your books, notes and essays user-friendly. Use headings and highlighting to prepare your learning Journey beforehand. Use various color of high lighters to categorize the notes in order of their importance. For example things that you still have to learn can be highlighted in bold shades like pink or yellow while for the things you have already memorized in past can be marked green. The road map to studying can be created using stick on in heap of different colors.Place read stick on in shape of a book mark on all the activities that are urgent and are related to the opics that your teacher has guided you will carry most marks in the exam, topics that you have already revised can be put under a green stick on while attach yellow stick on to the pages that you have alre ady memorized and you plan to revise those topics on the last night. In this way the landmarks are clear in your mind before you try to commit information to them mitigating your stress levels.Activity for students during the workshop: provide them with stick ons of red, yellow and green and ask them to create a road map for one of their subject. Slide four: The Link and Story Methods The Link Method is one of the easiest mnemonic techniques available. You can used it to remember long lists or acronyms by making simple associations between items/ words in the acronyms and linking them with a vivid image/ story/ rhyme containing the words. Taking the first image, create a connection between it and the next item and so on.Activity for students during the workshop: ask them for most common abbreviations they use or have difficulty in remembering and make a story on one of them. Slide five â€Å"Time management† Slide five: Use a calendar In addition to your weekly planner, inves t in a large monthly wall calendar. Jot down all the important due dates, deadlines, exams, etc so they are in front of you as a visual reminder. This will make you more aware of important dates and allow you to adjust or rearrange plans if you are behind schedule.Slide Six: Make a schedule After establishing your priorities, set up a schedule which respects your priorities. A wide variety of student organizers, diaries, planners, electronic tools and time management systems are available on the market. Choose or create whatever seems best for you. Many students select weekly planners that enable them to see the big picture more easily. Make sure your system is something you are very comfortable with as you will be referring to it often. Then, set up your schedule in this order: Mark in all your fixed commitments such as classes, seminars and tutorials.These are the givens, which you cannot change. Add in study time. Block off large sections of your day, reserved for studying alone, as well as shorter review periods. Organize your peak study times to coincide with the times of day when you are most awake and alert. Mark in other non-study activities. These are the important but lower priority items, such as exercise, recreational classes, or socializing, which you will fit in when possible. Slide seven: to do lists To-Do Lists are prioritized lists of all the tasks that you need to carry out.They list everything that you have to do, with the most important tasks at the top of the list, and the least important tasks at the bottom. By keeping a To-Do List, you make sure that your tasks are written down all in one place so you don't forget anything important. And by prioritizing tasks, you plan the order in which you'll do them, so hat you can tell what needs your immediate attention, and what you can leave until later. To-Do Lists are essential if you're going to beat work overload. How to prepare to do lists-Step 1: Write down all of the tasks that you need to complete.If they're large tasks, break out the first action step, and write this down with the larger task. Step 2 Run through these tasks allocating priorities from A (very important, or very urgent) to F (unimportant, or not at all urgent). List tasks in order of importance and start working upon them. Activity for students: ask them to prepare a to do list for the ctivities relating to their current week. Slide eight: managing time given in exam Allow sufficient time at the beginning to – read through the paper – decide which questions you're going to answer, and – how you're going to approach them.Allocate time for each question based on the number of marks it's worth. allow time at the end to check your work and fill in the gaps Never forget to allocate 5 minute reading period in which you must read all questions carefully, underline important factors in that questions, circle the questions that you hope to attempt in case of a hoice, once you have read the entire question paper carefully, now start attempting the questions and start marking the questions that you have solved. At the end of the exam, reserve at least 15 minutes revision time at the end for checking.Slide nine: physical stress busters Get plenty of Sleep – your body needs time to process all the information you are taking in and re-energise, so that it is ready tor the day ahead. Eat Healthy – avoid processed and fast food as much as possible. Try eating foods high in omega 3 as this is great brain food. Avoid Caffeine (e. g. offee, caffeine tablets, Red Bull) and high sugared snacks, as these give you a short lift before making you crash and burn. They can make you feel sick and can interfere with your sleep and therefore your ability to concentrate.You actually study better with regular breaks, getting lots of sleep and from exercising. Avoid Cramming the night before an exam, make sure you get a good night sleep and wake up earlier if you want to read over your notes rather than staying up late Slide ten: creativity skills Brainstorming is commonly used to generate ideas, and to come up with creative solutions to problems. Brainstorming combines a relaxed, informal approach to problem solving with lateral thinking. It encourages people to come up with thoughts and ideas that can, at first, seem a bit crazy.Some of these ideas can be crafted into original, creative solutions to a problem, while others can spark even more ideas. This helps to get people unstuck by â€Å"Jolting† them out of their normal ways of thinking. Decision trees can be used as a tool while brainstorming on a specific tasks for example your English essays or while planning an experiment in your biology. You start a Decision Tree with a decision that you need to make. Draw a small square to represent this towards the left of a large piece of paper.From this box draw out lines towards the right for each possible solution, and write that solution along th e line. Keep the lines apart as far as possible so that you can expand your thoughts. After you have written the solutions, elaborate each solution further till you have a flow chart. Basically you will be combining action choices with different possible events or the results of action Activity ask students to draw a decision making tree on _( topic to be discussed with sir abad tomorrow)